Second Hand Roman Battle Tactics

Ross Cowan examines the battlefield methods of the Roman army from the late Republic into the Imperial period, with illustrations by Adam Hook. The book explains how legionary organisation, command structures and the transition from maniples to cohorts shaped the deployment of troops and their conduct in combat.

Chapters cover single, double and multiple battle lines, the spacing between units, detached forces, surprise attacks and the effects of terrain on advancing formations. Examples include Carrhae, Pharsalus, Thapsus and Mons Graupius, connecting tactical principles with particular engagements. A separate section discusses offensive and defensive arrangements such as the wedge, the circular orbis and the testudo, alongside formations used during movement and retreat.

Colour artwork, battle plans and photographs help readers visualise the troops and formations discussed. References and further reading, plate commentaries and an index support further study. Published as number 155 in Osprey’s Elite series, this 64-page English-language paperback offers a focused introduction for readers of Roman military history, students and historical wargamers.